There will be a lot of reasons why there was no employed staff available, however cuts were probably not the reasons as the NHS has never kept spare staff just in case. Even though the guy lived in Sweden, it is cheaper to employ him on an ad hoc basis rather than employ a full time person with not enough work to cover his expense. Remember there is a huge on cost for NHS staff with pension and holidays etc. All clinical costs are shown as that not fudged.
As for the example you mentioned with your wife. As a kid teachers were off ill and other teachers covered the class, if it was an odd day. I recall two classes being put together with around 45 kids, but with a teacher who could control them.
If the absence was longer they would call in a locum teacher.
We need to be realistic, things have changed. When our daughter was born 27 years ago, my wife was in hospital for 5 days, a small maternity only place. Next door neighbours daughter had her baby yesterday at lunch time and was home by 7,00pm, so you no longer need so many maternity beds or staff. To me that is a good thing.
To my mind I have no problem paying tax and from my statement the government sent me 31% of everything I earned in the last tax year went on tax an NI, yes it could be lower, but I will pay that so long as I can see it is not wasted and goes to help those who need it, not those who chose to cheat the system, knock out kids and demand everything whilst putting nothing back